Epidemiological, clinical and histopathological characteristics of bladder cancers in Conakry

Abstract

Objective: Analyse the epidemiological, clinical and histopathological characteristics of bladder cancers in Guinean hospitals.

Material and methods: We carried out a descriptive study with retrospective collection, from January 1, 2013 to December 31, 2022, in the Urology Department of the Ignace Deen National Hospital in Conakry. We included all patients with histologically confirmed primary bladder cancer, whose records were found in the hospital archives.

Results: 121 cases of bladder cancer were identified. The mean age of the patients was 58.9 ± 15.5 years, ranging from 17 to 86 years. The M/F sex ratio was 2.02. The risk factors were dominated by tobacco (19.8%), urinary bilharzia (14.9%) and exposure to dyes (5.8%). Hematuria (79.3%) and LUTS (67.8%) were the main reasons for consultation. The most common histological type was urothelial carcinoma in 94 cases (77.7%), followed by squamous cell carcinoma in 26 cases (21.5%).

Conclusion: There is an increasing incidence of bladder cancer in our Department. In a difficult health context, primary prevention by combating risk factors constitutes the best public health response to this condition.