Revolutionising genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM) treatment (new estriol + lactobacilli)

Abstract

Urogenital atrophy is characterised by the changes in the female urogenital tract due to a marked decrease in ovarian oestrogen production. The usual underlying cause of oestrogen deficiency is natural or surgical menopause but can also be triggered by lactation and premature ovarian insufficiency, radiotherapy, tamoxifen therapy or heavy smoking.¹

Oestrogen deficiency results in changes in vaginal physiology, with a decrease in barrier and lubrication functions of the epithelium and lower glycogen content leading to increased penetration by pathogens and symptoms such as a significant increase in vaginal dryness and increased risk of vaginal and urinary tract infections.² Furthermore, a decrease in sexual desire, arousal, orgasm and dyspareunia may affect a woman’s quality of life, self-esteem, social life and relationship with their partner.¹